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Reed V Ascension Health

             IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT                         
          FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF OKLAHOMA                          

JOSHUA REED and ANTHONY ACUNA,  )                                         
                               )                                         
    Plaintiffs,                )                                         
                               )                                         
v.                              )        Case No. 24-cv-00419-SH          
                               )                                         
ASCENSION HEALTH,               )                                         
                               )                                         
    Defendant.                 )                                         
                     OPINION AND ORDER                                   
    Before  the  Court  is  Plaintiffs’  opposed  motion  for  leave  to  file  an  amended 
complaint.1  For the reasons explained below, the Court grants Plaintiffs’ motion and 
denies, without prejudice, Defendant’s motion for judgment on the original pleadings.  
                          Background                                     
    Plaintiffs Joshua Reed and Anthony Acuna filed this action in Tulsa County District 
Court on July 1, 2024, asserting claims against Ascension Health for slander and libel; 
false light invasion of privacy; negligence and gross negligence; and intentional interfer-
ence with business relations.2  (ECF No. 2-1.)  Plaintiffs allege they were traveling nurses 
employed by Ascension Connect, LLC.  (Id. ¶¶ 1, 5.)  Generally, Plaintiffs allege that 
between  June  and  July  2023,  Shawnna  Yost—an  employee  of  Ascension  Health—
wrongfully stated, or caused others to state, that Plaintiffs abandoned their final shift 
working at Christi St. Joseph Hospital, which resulted in their termination, caused a loss 
of bonus pay, and otherwise harmed their reputation and employability.  (Id. ¶¶ 5–14.)  

1 The parties have consented to the jurisdiction of a U.S. Magistrate Judge for all purposes 
under 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(1) and Fed. R. Civ. P. 73(a).  (ECF No. 35.)     
2 The original petition also asserted claims against Shawnna Yost, who has since been 
dismissed from the case.  (ECF No. 39.)                                   
Ascension Health removed the matter to this Court on September 9, 2024, and filed a 
motion for judgment on the pleadings on June 20, 2025.  (ECF Nos. 2, 45.)  Per the 
scheduling order, the parties had until July 31, 2025, to move to amend their pleadings.  
(ECF No. 44.)                                                             
    Plaintiffs now seek leave to file an amended complaint to add claims against 

Ascension Connect for intentional interference with business relations, unpaid wages, 
and breach of contract.  (ECF No. 46 ¶ 5; ECF No. 46-1 ¶¶ 29–39.)  Further, Plaintiffs’ 
proposed amended complaint updates certain allegations to differentiate between actions 
of Ascension Health, Ascension Connect, and “Ascension” generally.  (Compare, e.g., ECF 
No. 2-1 ¶ 8 with ECF No. 46-1 ¶ 8 (clarifying “that Ascension Health saw [Plaintiffs’ 
alleged] shift abandonment as a voluntary resignation” (emphasis added)).)  Plaintiffs 
argue that leave to amend should be granted because discovery has not yet begun and 
“Defendants will have ample opportunity to respond to the Amended Complaint without 
any disadvantage or prejudice.”  (ECF No. 46 ¶ 9.)  Ascension Health opposes the motion 
on the basis that amendment would be futile.  (ECF No. 49 at 3–12.3)      
                            Analysis                                     
I.   Standard of Review                                                   
    Pursuant to Rule 15, a party may, as a matter of course, amend a pleading 21 days 

after serving it or within 21 days of service of a responsive pleading or motion.  Fed. R. 
Civ. P. 15(a)(1).  “In all other cases, a party may amend its pleading only with the opposing 
party’s written consent or the court’s leave,” which should be freely given “when justice 
so requires.”  Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2).                                  


3 References to page numbers refer to the ECF header.                     
    Refusal of leave to amend in the current circumstances is “generally only justified 
upon a showing of undue delay, undue prejudice to the opposing party, bad faith or 
dilatory motive, . . . or futility of amendment.”  Bylin v. Billings, 568 F.3d 1224, 1229 (10th 
Cir. 2009) (quoting Frank v. U.S. West, Inc., 3 F.3d 1357, 1365 (10th Cir. 1993)).  The 
decision whether to grant leave is within the discretion of the trial court.  See Minter v. 

Prime Equip. Co., 451 F.3d 1196, 1204 (10th Cir. 2006).  When exercising this discretion, 
the Court must be mindful that the “purpose of the Rule is to provide litigants the 
maximum  opportunity  for  each  claim  to  be  decided  on  its  merits  rather  than  on 
procedural niceties.”  Id. (citation modified).  As such, a “general presumption exists in 
favor of allowing a party to amend its pleadings . . . .”  Trujillo v. Moore Bros., Inc., No. 
1:23-CV-00802-RM-SBP, 2024 WL 365037, at *2 (D. Colo. Jan. 3, 2024), R&R accepted, 
2024 WL 358128 (Jan. 31, 2024).                                           
II.  Leave to Amend                                                       
    Ascension  Health  asserts  a  number  of  arguments  as  to  why  amendment  of 
Plaintiffs’ complaint would be futile.  These include (1) that the Court lacks personal 
jurisdiction over Ascension Connect4 (ECF No. 49 at 3–6); and (2) that the amended 
complaint fails to state a claim against Ascension Connect (id. at 7–12).  Generally, a 

“proposed  amendment  is  futile  if  the  complaint,  as  amended,  would  be  subject  to 
dismissal.”  Jefferson Cnty. Sch. Dist. No. R-1 v. Moody’s Investor’s Servs., Inc., 175 F.3d 
848, 859 (10th Cir. 1999).  “The party opposing the proposed amendment bears the 

4 Ascension Health does not explain its standing to assert personal jurisdiction arguments 
on behalf of a non-party.  See Baldwin v. Pelican Reef Mgmt., LLC, No. 18-CV-00586-
PAB-NYW, 2019 WL 5095715, at *2 (D. Colo. July 25, 2019) (“it is not clear that the 
existing Defendants have standing to assert any personal jurisdiction . . . arguments on 
behalf of individuals who are not parties in this action”),  R&R accepted, 2019 WL 
5095656 (Aug. 30, 2019).  The Court need not address that issue at this time.  
burden of establishing its futility.”  Mackley v. TW Telecom Holdings, Inc., 296 F.R.D. 
655, 661 (D. Kan. 2014).                                                  
    An initial review of Ascension Health’s arguments does not persuade the Court that 
the entirety of the proposed amendments are futile.  Moreover, some of the amendments 
offer clarity as to the particular entity that allegedly performed specific actions in the case 

and  could  impact  the  viability  of  the  claims  against  Ascension  Health—something 
Ascension Health fails to address.                                        
    This  is  exactly  the  type  of  situation  where  arguments  against  a  proposed 
amendment are better suited to a dispositive motion, allowing the Court and parties to 
benefit from a full briefing schedule.5  “Rather than force a Rule 12(b)(6) motion into a 
Rule 15(a) opposition brief, the defendants may be better served by waiting to assert Rule 
12 motions until the operative complaint is in place.”  Gen. Steel Domestic Sales, LLC v. 
Steelwise, LLC, No. 07-cv-01145-DME-KMT, 2008 WL 2520423, at *4 (D. Colo. June 20, 
2008); see also Thompson v. McDonough, No. 23-cv-499-GKF-SH, slip. op. at 3–4 (N.D. 
Okla. July 23, 2024).  As Judge Gregory K. Frizzell noted in Thompson, this approach has 
been applied a number of times by our sister courts.  See, e.g., Trujillo, 2024 WL 365037, 

at *6 (quoting Gen. Steel); Yousif v. Landers Mclarty Olathe KS, LLC, No. CIV.A. 12-
2788-CM, 2013 WL 2458485, at *1 (D. Kan. June 5, 2013) (where defendants oppose “the 
proposed amendment solely on grounds of futility . . . the Court may properly exercise its 
discretion to allow the amendment when the party opposing it will have an opportunity 
to challenge the sufficiency of newly added claims through a motion to dismiss”); Peter D 


5 As currently situated, Plaintiffs would have to respond to the multiple, potentially 
dispositive issues raised in Ascension Health’s response using the shortened time, page, 
and subject-matter limitations set out for a reply brief in the local rules.  LCvR 7-1(f). 
Holdings, LLC v. Wold Oil Propoerties, LLC, No. 17-CV-212-R, 2018 WL 10399010, at *4 
(D.  Wyo.  Aug.  20,  2018)  (the  “arguments  raised  in  opposition  to  the  proposed 
amendments would be more effectively raised in a separate dispositive motion rather than 
indirectly under Rule 15(a)”).  But see Hernandez v. Valley View Hosp. Ass’n, No. 10-CV- 
00455-REB-MJW,  2010  WL 5157310,  at *1  n.3  (D.  Colo.  Dec.  14,  2010)  (cautioning 
against  applying this  line  of reasoning  “regardless  of the  circumstances,”  because  it 
“delays the near-inevitable motion to  dismiss  and,  concomitantly,  creates potentially 
unnecessary burdens on the litigants and the court”), affd on other grounds, 684 F.3d 
950 (10th Cir. 2012).  Allowing Plaintiffs to file the requested amended complaint will 
promote the interests of justice and facilitate resolution of any properly pled claims on 
the merits. 
     Ascension Health’s pending motion for judgment on the pleadings (ECF No. 45) is 
directed at Plaintiffs’ original petition and will become moot upon the filing of the first 
amended complaint.  For this reason, the Court will deny Ascension Health’s motion 
without prejudice to the reassertion  of its  arguments  after the filing of the amended 
complaint. 
                                 Conclusion 
      IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the Motion for Leave to File First Amended 
Complaint (ECF No. 46) is GRANTED. Plaintiffs shall file their First Amended Complaint 
by July 30, 2025. 
      IT  IS  FURTHER  ORDERED  that  Defendant Ascension  Health’s  Motion for 
Judgment on the Pleadings (ECF No. 45) is DENIED   Moor.   < 
ORDERED this 23rd day of July, 2025.               >A) le            ) 
                                       SUSAN E.         AN, MAGISTRATE  JUDGE 
                                       UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT